A recent study from Kew’s Royal Botanic Gardens has highlighted 33 global “dark spots” that could be home to at least 100,000 undiscovered plant species, many of which are at risk of extinction. To understand the importance of this research, we spoke with Professor Alexandre Antonelli, director of science at Kew and the senior author of the study published in New Phytologist.
Professor Antonelli, what inspired this study, and why is it so important?
“Our research aims to inform conservation strategies and speed up the discovery of new plant species. At the current rate of identification, many species are likely to go extinct before scientists ever document them,” he shared.
The study identifies regions like Madagascar, Bolivia, and parts of Asia, such as Sumatra and the eastern Himalayas, as rich in undiscovered biodiversity. How can this information better direct conservation efforts?
“While we’re on track to protect 30% of the planet under existing UN targets, we need accurate information to pinpoint areas that really need protection,” Antonelli explained. He pointed out that many botanists tend to revisit the same locations, overlooking regions that might be rich in undiscovered species.
Dr. Samuel Pironon, a biology lecturer and honorary research associate at Kew, added his perspective. “All nations have pledged to safeguard biodiversity, including plants. However, without understanding which species exist and their geographic distribution, we can’t effectively fulfill these commitments.”
These regions are labeled as biodiversity “hotspots,” yet they face significant threats. What type of collaboration do you envision to tackle this issue?
“Given the limited resources available for formal species identification in many of these countries, we hope this analysis encourages partnerships between research institutions and local communities,” Antonelli said.
It’s also crucial for the public to engage responsibly, especially regarding international laws that regulate the transportation of biological species. What advice do you have for enthusiastic amateur botanists?
“We recommend against collecting specimens, as it could threaten these species. However, taking photos of plants in these regions and sharing them on citizen science platforms can greatly support scientific efforts,” Pironon suggested.
As the urgency of this research mounts, representatives prepare for the upcoming COP16 biodiversity summit in Cali, Colombia, where discussions will focus on strategies to prevent further loss of life on our planet.
This vital intersection of science and community involvement could lead to renewed preservation efforts and the discovery of essential new species.
